病例翻译-患者体检中英文表述
体检（一般项目）[Physical examination(general items)]
·视诊[inspection]
·触诊[palpation]
·叩诊[percussion]
·听诊[auscultation]
·嗅诊[olfactory examination]
·浅（深）触诊法[light (deep) palpation]
·深部滑行（深压，双手，冲击）触诊法[deep slipping (deep press,bimanual,ballottement]
·间接（直接）叩诊[indirect (direct) percussion]
·叩诊音（过清音，清音，浊音，鼓音，实音）[percussion sound (hyperresonance,resonance,dullness,tympany,flatness)]
·用钟（膜）型胸件听诊[with the bell (diaphragmatic) chestpiece ]
1、体温[temperature, T]
·口（腋、肛）温[oral (axillary, rectal) temperature]
·经口（腋、肛）测的温度[per mouth (axilla, rectum)]
·摄氏与华氏换算[Centigrade VS Fahrenheit]
·37.5℃.orally(99.5℉)[口温摄氏37.5度（华氏99.5度）]
2、脉搏[pulse, P]
·脉率72次/分[pulse 72 beats per minute(P 72 bpm)]
·搏动存在（消失）[pulse are present (absent)]
·速（缓）脉[fast (slow) pulse]
·洪（细丝）脉[bounding (small, thready) pulse]
·水冲脉[water hammer pulse]
·交替脉[alternating pulse]
·奇脉[paradoxical]
·二联（三联）脉[bigeminal (trigeminal) pulse]
·重脉[dicrotic pulse]
·间歇脉[intermittent pulse]
·陷落脉[collapsing]
·不规则（规则）脉[irregular(regular) pulse]
3、呼吸[respiration, R]
·呼吸频率[respiratory rate (RR)]
·呼吸频率19次/分[RR 19 beats/min (R 19 bpm)]
·规则（不规则）呼吸[regular (irregular) breathing]
·呼吸均匀[eupnea]
·呼吸急促（缓慢）[repid (slow) breathing]
·呼吸停止（中断）[pausal (interrupted) breathing]
·呼吸骤停[breath arrest]
·深（浅）呼吸[deep (superficial) breathing]
·呼吸困难[dyspna (short of breath)]
·呼吸费力[labored breathing]
·胸（腹）式呼吸[thoracic (abdominal) breathing]
·张口呼吸[mouth (buccal) breathing]
·周期性呼吸[periodic respiration]
·库斯毛氏呼吸[Kussmaul`s respiration]
·陈-施（潮式）呼吸[Cheyne-Stokes (tidal) respiration]
·间歇呼吸[Biot`s breathing]
·叹息样（胎儿,鼾样）呼吸[sighing (fetal, stertorous) respiration]
·口臭[have foul (fetid) breath (halitosis)]
·酮味呼吸[a smell of ketone]
·静息下（活动时）气促[dyspnea at rest (on exertion)]
·丙酮（氨臭，蒜臭）味[acetone (ammoniacal, alliaceous) odor]
·肝臭[hepaticus fetor]
·腋臭[bromidrosis]
4、血压[blood pressure, BP]
·收缩（舒张）压[systolic (diastolic) blood pressure]
·血压20/12千帕（150/90毫米汞柱）[BP 20/12 kPa(150/90mmHg)]
1kPa=7.5mmHg (1mmHg=0.1333kPa)
·血压为收缩压20，舒张压12千帕[Bp is 20 over 12 (Bp is 20 systolic and 12 diastolic)]
·测量血压[take (measure, check ) Bp]
·坐（卧）位血压[sitting (lying) Bp]
·无创（有创）血压[non-invasive (invasive) Bp]
·脉压[pulse pressure]
·血压测不出[Bp is unavailable (unobtained)]
·左臂（右臂）血压[Bp in left (right) arm]
·双下肢血压[Bp in both lower limbs]
·袖带[cuff]
5、体位[position]
·主动（被动、强迫）体位[active (passive, forced ) position]
·立（坐、卧）位[upright (sitting, dorsal) position]
·仰卧（俯卧）位[supine (prone) position]
·左（右）侧卧位[left (right) lateral (decubitus) position]
·蜷腿位[coiled position]
·半卧位[semi-reclining (semi-recumbent) position]
·端坐位[orthopnea position]
·胸膝（膝肘）位[knee-chest (knee-elbow) position]
·截石（分娩）位[dorsosacral (obstetric) position]
·角弓反张位[opisthotonus position]
·强迫蹲位[compulsive squattin]
·辗转体位[alternative position]
·头高（低）脚低（高）位[high (low) head and low(high) legs]
6、神志和意识[consciousness and mind]
·清醒（半清醒的）[alert (semi-conscious)]
·昏迷（半昏迷）的[comatose (semi-comatose)]
·无精打采的[listless]
·思睡的[somnolent (drowsy, sleepy)]
·昏睡的[lethargic]
·焦虑不安的[anxious (restless, apprehensive)]
·激动的[excited (irritable)]
·精神错乱的[confused]
·意识障碍[distrubance of consciousness]
·谵妄[delirium]
·抽搐[convulsion]
·木僵的[stuporous]
·合作佳（欠佳、差）[cooperation is good (not good enough, bad)]
·反应迟钝[have a dull reaction]
·有（无）定向力[be oriented (disoriented)]
·朦胧状态[be in a mist tent]
·神志模糊[blurred (dim, vague) mind]
·失去知觉[loss consciousness(unconsciousness)]
·对疼痛刺激的反应[reaction to painful stimuli]
7、面容[facial features]
·呈急（慢）性面容[be in acute (chronic) distress]
·病然面容[critical facies]
·濒死面容[hippocratic facies]
·苦笑面容[sardonic facies]
·表情不安 [anxious (distressing) expression]
·神情憔悴[ haggard expression]
·贫血（肾病、肝病）面容[anemic (nephrotic, hepatic) facies]
·二尖瓣（伤寒）面容[mitral (typhoid) facies]
·满月（面具）面容[moon (masked) facies]
·肢端肥大症面容[acromegaly facies]
·甲亢（粘液性水肿）面容[hyperthyroid (myxedema) facies]
·老年貌[senile feature]
·颜面潮红（苍白）[reddy (pale) facies]
·面色红润[florid facies]
8、发育[development]
·身高[body height (length)]
·身材（高大、矮小）[stature (tall, dwarf)]
·体格（强壮、脆弱）[physique (strong, weak)]
·青春期[adolescent spurt]
·体型[habitus]
▲无力（乏力、超力）型[asthenic (ortho-sthenic, sthenic) type]
▲巨人症（重体侏儒症、奄人症）[gigantism (pituitary dwarfism, eunuochism)]
▲运动员体型[athletic type]
▲矮胖（瘦长）型[stocky (lanky) type]
·一位发育良好（中等）的病人[a well (middle)-developed patient]
·发育不良（异常）[hypoplasia (dysplasia)]
·身高171厘米[177cm in height]
9、营养[nutrition]
·营养良好（中等、不良）[well (middle, under)-nourished]
·良好、不良，中等[well (poorly, fairly)]
·肥胖[obesity (overweight,fat)]
·消瘦[emaciation (underweight, thin, lean)]
·恶液质[cachexia]
·水牛背[buffalo hump]
10、姿势与步态[posture and gait]
·共济失调步态[ataxic (incoordination) gait]
·剪刀步态[scissors gait]
·慌张步态[festinating gait]
·跨域步态[steppage gait]
·摇摆步态[swaying gait]
·蹒跚步态[reeling (staggering, waddling) gait]
·闭目难立征[Romberg`s sign]
·间歇性跛行[intermittent claudication]
11、皮肤与粘膜[skin and mucosa]
▲颜色[color]
▲苍白（红色、暗红、潮红、粉红色）[pallor (redness, dusky redness, flush, pinky)]
▲显得苍白[be (look) pale]
▲紫绀（手足发绀）[cyanosis (acrocyanosis)]
▲黄疸（黄染）[jaundice (stained yellow)]
▲黑色素[melanin]
▲色素沉着过多（减退）[hyper pigmentation (depigmentation)]
▲色素沉着增加(减少)[pigmentation increase（decrease）]
▲白癜（白斑）[vitiligo (leukoplakia)]
▲雀斑（老年斑）[fleck (senile plague)]
▲紫（妊娠）纹[purple (pregnant) striae]
▲多血症[be plethoric]
▲重度（中度、轻度）紫绀[be severely (moderately, slightly) cyanosis]
·湿度与弹性[moisture and elasticity]
▲干燥（湿润）的[dry (moist)]
▲湿冷[cold moist]
▲冷（暖、热）[cool (warm, hot)]
▲光滑（粗糙）的[smooth (rough)]
▲光亮的[shing]
▲紧张（松弛）的[taut (loose)]
▲软（硬）[soft (hard)]
▲鳞状（皱纹）的[scaly (wrinkling)]
▲有（无）弹性的[elastic (inelastic)]
▲萎缩（肥厚）的[atrophic (hypertrophic)]
▲皮下气肿[subcutaneous emphysema]
▲全身（局限）性水肿[anasarca (localized edema)]
▲凹陷性（非凹陷性）水肿（加重、减轻、消退）[pitting (non-pitting) edema (increase, decrease, subside)]
·皮损[skin lesions]
▲皮疹[skin eruption]
▲斑疹[maculae]
▲玟瑰疹[roseola (rose spots)]
▲丘疹[papule]
▲斑丘疹[maculopapule]
▲风疹[rubella]
▲疱疹[belbs]
▲斑片[patch]
▲斑块[plaque]
▲荨麻疹[urticaria (hives)]
▲脱皮（屑）[desquamation (excoriation)]
▲蜘蛛痣[spider angioma]
▲皮下小结[subcutaneous nodules]
▲瘢痕[scar]
▲痱子[sudamen]
▲水（血、脓）疱[water (blood, pus ) bpister]
▲小（大）水疱[vesicle (bulla)]
▲单纯疱疹[herpes simplex]
▲风团（囊肿、肿瘤）[wheal (cyst, tumor)]
▲皮屑（鳞屑）[furfur (scale)]
▲结痂（焦痂）[crust (eschar)]
▲溃疡（糜烂、皱裂）[ulcer (erosion, fissure)]
▲肝掌（朱砂掌）[liver (erythema) palms]
▲黄褐斑[chloasma]
▲环形红斑[circinate erythema]
▲黑痣[pigmented nevas]
▲胎记[birthmark]
▲疣（鸡眼）[werruca (clavus)]
▲冻疮[pernio]
▲褥疮[bedsore (decubitus)]
▲渗液[exudate]
·出血[bleeding]
▲瘀点[petechia]
▲紫癜[purpura]
▲瘀斑[ecchymosis]
▲血肿[hematoma]
▲片状出血[splinter hemorrhage]
▲渗血[oozing of the blood]
▲压之褪色[blanch on pressure]
12、头发与指甲[hair and nail]
·头发（稀疏、浓密、秃头）的[hair (sparse, dense, bald)]
·头皮[scalp]
·粗（细）[coarse (fine)]
·密（疏）[thick (thin)]
·干性（油性）[dry (oily)]
·有（无）光泽的[lustrous (lusterless)]
·多（少、无）毛[hairy (oligotrichosis, hairless)]
·脱发（斑秃、全秃）[hair loss (alopecia areata, baldness)]
·眉毛（阴毛、腋毛）稀少（过多）[scant (excessive) eyebrows (public hair, axillary hair)]
·体毛（胡须）[body hair(beard) ]
·全身性多毛症[hypertrichosis universalis]
·毛发的性状和分布[quality and distribution of the hair]
·甲变形（匙状甲）[deformities of nail (spoonnail)]
·薄（脆）甲[thin (brittle) nail]
·甲脱落[ongchoptosis]
13、浅表淋巴结[superficial lymph nodes]
·浅表淋巴结未扪及[be no palpable superficial lymph nodes (…can not be palpated)]
·淋巴结肿大[enlarged lymph nodes (lymphnode enlargement)]
·部位[site]
▲全身（局部）[general (local)]
▲耳前（后）淋巴结[pre(post)-auricular nodes]
▲枕后淋巴结[occipital nodes]
▲颏下淋巴结[submental nodes]
▲下颌淋巴结[submaxillary nodes]
▲颈前（后）淋巴结[anterior (posterior) cervical nodes]
▲ 锁骨上淋巴结[supraclavicular nodes]
▲滑车上淋巴结[epitrochlear nodes]
▲腋窝上（内侧，前，后，外侧）淋巴结[axillary top (medial,anterior,posterior,lateral)]
▲腹股沟淋巴结（横组，纵组）[inguinal nodes (transverse group,longitudinal group) lymphnode]
·大小[size]
▲4×2cm大小[4 by 2 cm in diameter (size)]
▲米粒（豌豆，核桃，小指，拇指，拳头，手掌，鸡蛋）大小[size of a rice grain (pea,walnut,small,ringer,thumb,fist,palm,hen’s egg)]
▲针头大小[pinhead size]
▲苹果大小[size of an apple]
▲小孩头（成人大小）[size of a(n) infant’s(man’s) head]
·形态[shape]
▲不规则[irregular]
▲结节（颗粒、纺锤）状的[tuberous (granular,spindle-shaped)]
▲光滑（粗糙）的[smooth (coarse)]
▲平坦（凹凸不平）的[flat (uneven)]
▲球（椭园，卵园，园）形的[globular (elliptical,oval,circular)]
·硬度和活动度[hardness and mobility]
▲硬（软）[hard (soft)]
▲石头（骨）样硬[of stone-like (bone-like)]
▲可活动（固定）的[movable (fixed)]
▲与周围组织（结构）固定[be fixed to the surrounding tissues (structures)]
▲压痛[tenderness]
▲融合（粘连）[fusion (adhesion)]
▲肿胀（疤痕）[swelling (fistula)]
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